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ACL Surgery in Canines Is Very Popular
ACL surgery in canines is certainly the most common orthopedic procedure performed in all of veterinary medicine. Over the years, several methods have been designed to address the lack of stability within the knee attributed to this injury. In order to make things clear, we will briefly discuss only three of them. It is wise to discuss with your vet which surgery is best for your dog as there are pros and cons to any surgery. Additionally, we recommend starting your dog on a joint supplement right away to help joint health during this time of increased stress.
There are many points to consider when choosing the best surgical option for your dog. Factors including their measurements, body mass, age group, normal muscle stimulation, and amount of surgery are likely to help you make the most appropriate determination. Again, it’s always best to discuss all of these variables with your vet.
The 3 most common surgical approaches:
Extracapsular repair, also referred to as lateral suture technique or implant suture technique
This is considered to be the oldest technique of the three. Currently recommended for dogs under 50kg. However, canines over fifty pounds still do well using this type of surgery. Postoperative physical therapy dramatically increases the likelihood of success. In this surgery, a continuous nylon suture with a thread (similar to a fishing line) is placed around the Fabellar bone of the femur and passed through a hole made in the tibial tubercle. The two ends of the suture are then secured in place using a stainless steel clip.
Tibial Plateau Leveling Osteotomy (TPLO)
Over the last ten years this procedure has become one of the standards of ACL surgery in dogs. It was created then patented by Dr. Barclay Slocum in 1993. Almost all of its good results come from the fact that it immediately addresses the condition of the femur rubbing back and forth against the back of the shin after an ACL tear. Throughout this procedure, the surgeon uses a unique rounded saw to make an overall incision at the top of the tibia bone. This piece of bone is then rotated and plated using a stainless steel metal plate. By rotating the top of the tibia, the once sloping tibial plateau now becomes simply flat.
Tibial Tuberculosis Promotion (TTA)
An additional canine ACL surgery, just like the TPLO surgery that has become popular in the last 5 years, is the TTA. The theory behind TTA surgery is significantly different from that of TPLO surgery. Tibial wart advancement requires you to make a straight cut across the entire Tibial Ball, located at the front of the shin. This cut bone is then pushed forward and a unique bone spacer is placed over the open site. Finally, a stainless steel metal plate is applied to secure the bone in place. Since the patellar tendon attaches to the tibial tubercle once it is advanced, the tendon helps keep the femur from sliding back and forth and thus stabilizes the knee joint.
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